Tenon ing-machine



(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheen. H. SFBOYNTON'.

TENONING MACHINE.

No. 329,007. Patented Oct. 27, 1-885.

(No Modl.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4,

H. S. BOYNTON'. TBNONING MACHINE.

No. 329,007. Patented Oct. 27, 1885.

- Jitownaya N. m-zns. Phom-Ulhngraphur, Wnhinglolt. ac

1 UNITED V ST TES ArnNr Prion.

HORACE s. nornron, or osHKosn, WISCONSIN.

,TENONING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 329,007, dated Qctober27,1885.

1 Application filed December 19, 1884. Serial No. 150,724. (No model.) I

1'0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HORACE S. BOYNTON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oshkosh, in the county of Winnebago and State of Wisconsin,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tenoning-Machines;

and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being badto the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention, to be hereinafter claimed, relates to improvements in sashand door tenoning machines, and-particularly to the mechanism forsupporting, adjusting, and operating the cutter-heads, for supporting,holding, and carrying the material, and for cutting the tenons andclearing away the chips.

My invention, hereinafter described, may bereadily understood byreference to the acoompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a sideelevation of a tenoningmachine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is anend view (left end) of same machine. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on lineas x of Fig. 1, and having a part of the case inclosing the presser-feetbroken away. Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 are details.

The same parts are indicated by like reference numbers or letters in allthe views.

1 is the supporting-frame. 2 is the drivingshaft, extending lengthwiseof the frame,with hearings in the lower part of said frame and havingproper connections withthe extrinsic power by which it is driven. Uponone end of the frame 1, and rigid thereto, is the small raised platform3, and at the other end, and traveling thereon, is the movable platformor carriage 4, which platform and carriage each support frames carryingmechanism hereinafter described. This carriage 4 is made to travel onthe frame 1 toward and from the rigid platform 3 by means of themechanism shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4. Beneath the carriage 4, lengthwiseof and rigid at its end to the frame 1, is the screw-threaded rod 5, andtraveling thereon the internally-screw-threaded mitered pinion 6, whichpinion is provided on its rear with a flange having a groove in itsperiphery, in which groove thelower forked.

end of the hanger 7, rigid to the carriage 4, fits movably. Thecrank-rod 8, having its bearings in the carriage 4, is provided at itsinner end with a mitered pinion meshing with the pinion 6,.and at itsouter end with the crank'handle 9, by the turning of which the travel ofthe carriage 4 is effected through the mechanism just described.

On the platform 3 and carriage 4, respectively, is a circular plate ordisk, 10, Fig. 10, having on its under side, around near its periphery,a flange or lip extending downwardly and outwardly, forming with theunder side of the disk a groove adapted to receive and moveupon the ring11, which ring is rigidly affixed to the upper surface of the platform 3and carriage 4, respectively, and upon which ring 11 said disk issupported and rotates horizontally; The disk 10 is provided on itsperiphery with the lug or catch 12, adapted to impinge against the pin13, which is rigid in and extends upwardly from the top of the platformor carriage, whereby the rotation of the disk 10 is checked, and againstwhich it is held. The disk 10 is also provided with the rigid upturnedlugs or flanges 14, toiwhich the upright frame 15, carrying the cutter-rheads and other mechanism, is affixed.

Supported by and having a vertical movement in grooved ways upon theface of the frame 15 is the upturned yoke 16, provided withjournal-bearings adapted to receive and support the horizontal arbor 17,which carries the lower cutter-head, 18. This arbor 17 has rigidthereto abelt-driven pulley, 19, and carries the cutter-head on itsfront or projecting outer end. Above theyoke 16, and supported by andhaving a vertical movement in grooved.

end. The bracket 20 is supported by and is raised or lowered withreference to the yoke 16 by means of the screw-threaded rod 23,.

which passes vertically through and has a screw adjustment in thebracket 20, and rests at its lower end upon the top of the yoke 16. Thisrod at its upper extremity has a handwheel, 24, rigid thereto, byturning whichsaid bracket is raised or. lowered with reference to theyoke 16, as described, and said bracket may be clamped to the frame byturning the hand-wheel a.

' The yoke 16 and bracket 20 are bothraised and lowered concurrently bymeans of the screw-threaded rod 25, which passes vertically from belowup into and has a screw adjustment in the yoke 16, and is supported by arigid collar thereon, resting upon the disk 10, through which the rodpasses, and below which it is provided with the rigid mitered pinion26,which meshes with a mitered pinion or the horizontal rod 27, whichrod 27 has its bearings in platform 3 or carriage 4, respect ively, andisprovided at its outer extremity withthe rigid hand-wheel 28, by theturning of which saidiyoke 16 and bracket 20 are raised or loweredconcurrently, as described, and the. yoke16 may be clamped to the frame15 by turningihc hand-wheel 12. Above the bracket 20 is. the. beltcarrying and tightening idlepulley 29. This pulley has .the bearings ofits journalsin the outer ends of two arms, 30, pivoted at their innerends in a nearly horizontal position to the top of the frame 15. Thesearms 30 are each providediwith a segmentalarm, 31', rigid theretoinfront of the pivotal point of said arms and extending downwardlyand'to'rearward of the pivotal point of saidarms, and at theirrespective rear ends have attachedthereto acord or strap, which strap atits other extremity is attached to and windsovertothe front on a shafthavingits bearings in-t-he brackets 20, and which on its. outer end hasrigid thereto the pulleys 32, over and upon which runs acordattachedthereto. at one end, and supporting at its other end the weight 33,whichweight, by its gravity,.rotates the pulley 32 and winds up the strap,there-';

by pulling down on the rear end of the seg-.. mentalarm andthrowing upthe front endof the arms 30,.tightening the belt runningover; the pulley29, carried thereon. The belt-pul-- leys on arbors17 and 21 and thepulley 29 are, when the disk 10 it swung around placing the cutter-headin position for work, located vertically above a driving-pulley, 34, onthe driving-shaft 2, and over and upon all these runs thedriving-belt35. A revolving coping-tool, 36, is fixed on the lower endof a vertical ar.- her having its bearings in boxesrigid to the bracket20, and is driven by a belt over the pulley' 37'on the arbor thatcarriesthe tool. A similar reversed coping-tool, 38, upon a verticalarbor, having its bearings in boxes. upon the-yoke l6,is driven bya-belt over the. pulley-39 on said. arbor. These coping-tools cut thecoping-recesswithin the shoulder on. the stuff atthe inner end of thetenon, doingtheir. work just after the cutter-heads have formed'thetenons.

40 are segmental arms, respectively pivoted at their. inner ends upon anarm or rod affixedv to bracket 20, and extending outwardlythere+fromparallel with the arbor carrying the cut:

ten-head, which arms at their outer extremities carry a chip-breaker,41, Figs. 1 and 3, extending from one arm to theother and rigid thereto,and so constructed as when thrown down upon the stuff in the rear of thecutterheadto catch and remove the chips, and when not'in use to bethrown back away from the cutter-head.

Upon the yoke 16, in the rear of the lower cutter head, and directlybeneath the upper cutter-head, is the vertically-adj ustable brackandisadapted to bear upon the upper surface of the tenon and steadyit whilethe upper cutter and the coping-toolsare doing their.

work. The stuff is supported and'fed to the cutters upon a carriageconsisting of thetwo endless sectional racks 45, running. over theidle-wheels 46, and supported on aframe and driven. by mechanismhereinafter to'be described.- The endless racks .are constructed inlinks or sections pivoted together, asshown in Fig. 7, eachsectionhaving on its under.

side lateralcogs so-formed that when-the sections arepivotedtogetherthey form a.con-.

tinuous' rack, which runs upon and is driven by the pinion 47 ondriving-shaft 48.. Rigid on the outer surface of the endless racks ,45,at equal=and convenient distances are the ,lugs .49, adapted to catch:the stuff" placed on the carriage and force it forward .on the car.-..

riage.- These endless racks are each supported upon a frame, 50,extending longitudinally across the machine and in the line ofmovementof the stuff to be operateduponh These.

frames 50 are supported ,by legs 51 and. 52, which on side 51 are rigidtopthe platform 3 and carriage 4, respectively, andon theother side, 52,rest upon the frame 1.- These frames 50 have each two parallel wallsconnected to-..

gether by across bottom wall,.as shown in ;cross-'seotion in Fig. 8. Theidle-wheels 46- have bearings and are supported in the re- ;spectiveends of the frames 50. These frames 50-have each-a sliding-extensionend, 53, having one or-more slots, through which pass thelscrew-threaded bolts 54, which bolts fit and turn incorrespondingscrew-threadsin the;

imainrpart of the frame 50, and by which slots jandibolts' saidextension end. ofpsaid frame.

may be adjustedvoutor. in, and are adaptedto itightening the endlessracks 45.- The top of ;these frames 50 are each provided with a Ion-Jgitudinal.groove,j(shown in section in Fig.8,}f

in. which said endlessrack 45 runs and is supported. The pinions47 eachhave rim-55,.

having peripheral cogs, which rim is adj ust ably affixed to anencompassed sleeve, 56, by

- rack in one or all of these pinions, whereby the endless racks aremade to run evenly and truly with relation to each other, andtherebycarry the stuff squarely up to the cutters.

, This adjustment is accomplished by means of the set-screw bolt 58,provided with a cam, 59. (Shown in Figs. and 9.) This bolt 58 passesthrough an aperture in the flange of sleeve 56 and screws into theflange of the rim 55.

' 1 On that part of the bolt within the aperture in the sleeve is thecam 59, sol'that by turning this bolt slightly the sleeve is rotatedslightly forward or backward with reference to the rim 55, and is heldin position by the set-screw bolts 57. The sleeves 56 encompass and fitupon the shaft 48, and are adjusted thereto at the carriage (4) end ofthe shaft by an inwardly-extending feather, 60, which projects therefrominto a groove extending longitudinally on said shaft, whereby saidsleeve is caused to rotate'with said shaft, but has a free longitudinalsliding movement thereon, and at the other end of the shaft the sleeveis. made ri gid-to' said shaft by a key inserted in said groove in theshaft and in acorresponding groovein the sleeve. The pinions47 are eachsupported on the frames 50 by a circular flange or ring, 61, which ringisprovided with a wingfloy and through which said ring is affixedrigidly to the frame 50, and said ring fits into a groove in the face ofthe pinion, as shown in Figs. 6, 8, and 9, and on this circular flangeor ring said pinion rotates. The shaft 48 is driven by the eog-wheel 62,rigid upon the end thereof, which meshes with a pinion on the shaft 63,which shaft 63 is in turn driven bythe belt-wheel 64, rigid thereon, andover and upon which wheel runs a,

belt, which also runs upon and is carried by a small wheel onshaft 65,which shaft is driven by the friction-wheel 66, rigid thereon, bearingagainst a small friction-wheel, 67, on the driving-shaft 2.

The shaft 65 hasiits bearings in a sleeve, 68, Fig. l, which sleeve issupported at its inner end in a ring pivoted to the frame 1, and at itsouter end in a lever, 69, Fig. 2, which lever is pivoted at its innerend onto the frame 1, and at itsouter end is preferably provided withthe weight 70, which'by its gravity carries the shaft 65 down, so thatthe wheel 66' is theset-screw 77.

contact with wheel 67, releasing the feeding mechanism from thedriving'shaft and stopping the feed. i I

f Vertical shafts 74,-having their hearings in brackets made fast in andsupported by the platform 3 and carriage 4, respectively, are

driven by the belt 75, passing over a fast pul ley on the bottom of saidshaft and over a pulley fast on the driving-shaft 2, which belt' istightened by the adjustable idle-wheel 76, Y

having its bearings adjustable up or down by Upon the shafts 74 arethefast 'pulleys78 and 79, upon which belts are carried, that also run uponthe pulleys 37 and 39, respectively, and drive the shafts carrying theupper and lower coping-tools,- 36 and 38.

The upright brackets or standards 80 at their lower extremities arerigid to and supported upon the platform 3 and carriage 4, respectively.Rigid to the two of thcss standards 80, that are at the front side ofthe machine, are horizontal brackets supporting guards 81 and 82. Theguard 81, on the left-hand side,

is adjustable on its bracket toward and from the carriage by means ofthe slots in the bracket and legs onthe guard passing through said slotsand secured by the set-screws83 thereon. The guard on the right side ofthe machine is shown in detail in Figs. 11

and 12. This guard, for convenience, preferably extended somewhat higherthan the guard on the left side has an inward inclination downwardly, sothat stuff as it is delivered to the machine may be readily placedbetween the guard on the left and this. one, and as it comes to rest atthe bottom of the guard and upon the carriage, the stuff will be causedto take its proper position firmly against the guard at the left of themachine,

from which place it isto be carried forward in the same position by theendless racks to the cutter-heads." This guard 82 is mounted upon abottom, 84, having a sliding movement toward and from the carriage,being provided with one or more securing lugs or bolts, 85,

being supported by and having a horizontal movement in a lug affixed tosaidbr'acket, and

around whichrod is a spiral spring,88, adapted to hold said guardagainst the stud, but sufficiently yielding to accommodate between theguards from time .to time pie'ces'of slightly varying length. Theseguards have their bottom on a level with the top of the carriage. Thesestandards 80,in pairsfon the platform 3 and carriage 4, respectively,support on their ICO upper extremities presser-feet 89 in sets, one iset supported by each pair of standards. The case 90,inclosing thesepresser-feet, consists ofa longitudinal box or frame attached to theupper ends of the standards 80, above and parallel with the carriage.The presserfeet,

in sets or series,having their soles slightly below the'case 90, areprovided with upwardlyextending shanks having their hearings in andsupported by said case and having avertical movement therein.

- Within said case, around said shanks, are

' spiral springs 91, resting at their upper ends screw-threaded bolt,which passes through aagainst said case and at their lower ends againsta pin or lug in said shanks, whereby said feet are given a downwardpressure limited by the supporting-pins through the tops of the shanksabove the upper bearings. The case90 is attached to the standards 80by'a vertical slot, 92,'in the standards into said case, and said caseis adjustable vertically by means of the screw-threaded rod'93,supported, near its upper end,by a shoulder resting upon a shoulderof the standards and passing downwardly throughsaid shoulder on saidstandards, into said case 90, in which case said rod turns upon a screwthread thereon and a corresponding screw thread within said case,whereby said case may be raised or lowered, and may be fixed in positionby the set-screw passing through the slot 92.

. The'rods 98 are provided with rigid mitered pinions at their upperextremities, which mesh with pinions 94 on the horizontal rod 95, which,rod has its hearings in the top of the standards 80,and can be rotatedby the handwheel 96, rigid thereto, thereby raising or lowering the caseinclosing the presser-feet.

1 The cutter-heads 18 and 22 carry the knives that cut the tenion on thestuff, These cutter-heads are provided with scroll-like surfaces, onwhich the knives are aff xed, and

- this peculiar form of surface I do not claim in this application, butreserve the same for a separate patent to be hereafter applied for by meaccording to law. I

f'lhe shaft 48, beside the supporting-sleeve 54 and flange 61,hereinbefore described, is also supported and has bearingsat itsrespective ends in the standards 97,- rigid upon frame 1.

It will be seen that the carriage 4, and the machinery thereonsupported, may be readily moved toward or from that end of the machineon which the platform 3 is by rotating the crank 9' through the devices5 and .6, 7 and 8 therewith. When this carriage is so moved, it .alsocarries with it the belt-pulleys 98 and 99 on the driving-shaft 2 by thehanger 100, rigid to said carriage, beneath and at its lower forkedextremity, riding within and bearing against the sides of a groovewithin a sleeve, which sleeve is rigid to and connects said pulleys 98and 99 and surrounds the shaft 2. 101 is a tight pulley on shaft 2, bywhich power. is applied thereto through a belt to drive the mechanism,and 102 is a loose pulley on said shaft, upon which said belt may bethrown to release the shaft 2 from the driving-power.

, In Fig. 1 the dotted lines indicate a piece of stuff (doorrail) on thecarriage being car- 'ried' forward against the cuttingtools, which onthe left are shown inpositiondoing theirwork. On the right the disk 10is thrown -around,-placing the cutter heads and other devices thereonoutside, away from'their work and in a position in which they canbereadilyrepaired or the knives-sharpened.

I do not deem it necessary to further de! scribe the operation of thismachine, as its time, and I can readily adjust these duplicate of toolsat such distance from each other as to cut stuff of greatly varyinglength.

What I claim as new, and desire to'secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a tenoning-machine, the combination of the rotating disk 10,mounted upon a supportingframe, with the thereon supported cutter-headsl8and 22, and the mechanism connected therewith, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

2. In a tenoning-machine, the combination of the lower cutter-head, 18.,with the upper cutter'head,22,located in the rear of said lowercutter-head and so as, to cut the stuff on the opposite side from theside out by the knives in the lower head, and the adjustable bracket42,located opposite to the rear cutter-head,22, and adapted to hold. thestuff up to the rear cutter,22, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

3. Ina tenoning-machine, the combination of the lower cutter-head, 18,with the upper cutter-head, 22, located in the rear of the lowercutter-head, 18, and so as to cut the stuff on the'oppositeside from theside cut by the knives in the lower head,'the adjustable bracket 42,locatedopposite to the rear cutter-head, 22, and adapted to hold thestuff up to the rear cutter, 22, and the adjustable bracket 44, locatedclose in the rear of the rear v cutter-head,22, and adapted to steadythe stuff by hearing against it on the side dressed by the front cutter,18, while the rear cutter'is' still cutting the stuff, substantially asand for the purpose described. a

4. In a tenoning-machine, the endless rackdriving pinion 47, supportedand rotating on the annular brackets 61, rigidly affixed to the 7 of theadjustable guide 81, located on the frame at one end of the machine andin front of the cutter-heads, with the adjustable and movable guide 82,located opposite thereto on the frame at the other end of the machine,and adapted to receive the stuff between them and adjust it in positionto be carried forward therefrom by the endless racks, substantially asdescribed.

6. In a tenoning-machine, the upper and lower cutter heads, 18 and 22,one of said heads being located in the rear and on the opposite side ofthe stuff from the other head, said heads being each supported on anarbor provided with a driving-pulley, the adjustable bracket 42, locatedand adapted to support the stuff while being cut by the rear cutter, andthe belt-tightening pulley 29, located and adapted for tightening thedriving-belt running upon said tighteningpulley, and the two cutter-headdriving-pulleys, all supported upon and in combination with thehorizontal rotating disk 10, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

7. In a tenoning-machine, the endless racks 45, in combination with theidle-wheels 46, located and supporting the racks 45 at the two ends oftheir circuits, respectively, the frame 50, provided with the adjustableextension end 53, in which one pair of said idlewheels 46 is supported,and by which the tension of the racks 45 may be adjusted, and theindependent driving-pinions 47, located midway between the ends of saidcircuits of said racks, said pinions being adapted to drive said racksforward by power applied to said racks through said pinions,substantially as described.

8. The screw-threaded rod 5, rigid at its end to frame 1, thethereon-traveling internallysorew threaded mitered pinion 6, and thecrank-rod 8, supported in carriage 4, and having at one end a miteredpinion meshing with pinion 6 and at the other end a crank-handle, 9, incombination with the carriage 4, traveling on frame 1, and provided withthe rigid hanger 7, the lower forked end of which rides movably in agroove in the pinion 6,and frame 1, substantially as described.

- 9. The friction-wheel 66, rigid on shaft 65, shaft 65, supported androtating in sleeve 68, and sleeve 68,having a pivotal support at itsinner end, in combination with lever 69, pivoted at one end on the frame1 and supporting the outer end of the sleeve 68, said lever 69 beingadapted to be raised and lowered, causing the friction-wheel 66 toengage against or be released from the wheel 67 on driving-shaft 2,substantially as described.

10. The sleeve 68, in which the shaft 65, carrying friction-wheel 66, issupported and rotates, having its inner end pivotally supported on frame1 and at its outer end supported in lever 69, and lever 69, pivoted atone end on frame 1, in combination with the link 71, connecting theouter end of lever 69 to the crankarm of shaft 72, and shaft 72, havingits bearings in frame 1, and provided with a leverhandle, 73,substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HORACE s. 'BOYN'ION. Witnesses:

A. H. READ, J. Z. HAMILTON.

